♦Metabolic pathways in cytosol :-
-Glycolysis
-Glycogenolysis
-HMP shunt
-Glycogenesis
-Fatty acid synthesis
-Cholesterol synthesis
-Bile acid - bile salts synthesis
♦Pathways in mitochondria :-
-Fatty acid oxidation (<20 C)
-ETC
-Krebs cycle
-Oxidative phosphorylation
♦Pathways initially in mitochondria followed by cytosol :-
-Urea synthesis
-Gluconeogenesis
Alien Hand Syndrome
The phrase, “the right hand doesn’t know what the left is doing” is actually literally true for some people. The condition involves a rogue hand that acts independently, grasping objects or moving in a way contrary to what the individual wishes to do..
Sometimes, a rare side effect to brain injuries or surgical severing of the corpus callosum, is the inability to control the actions of one hand. There is no cure for this condition, though the symptoms can be managed by making sure the hand is actively engaged in activity...
***RAPID REVISION***
1- SMALLEST Ig-IgG
2- LARGEST Ig - Ig M
3- MAXIMUM SERUM CONCENTRATION Ig-Ig G
4- MINIMUM SERUMCONCENTRATION Ig -IgE
5- HEAT LABILE Ig - IgE
6- EARLIEST TO BE SYNTHESISED (PRIMARY IMMUNE REAPONSE) Ig -IgM
7- SECONDARY IMMUNE RESPONSE Ig -IgG
8- CROSSES PLACENTA Ig - IgG
9- MINIMUM HALF LIFE Ig - IgE
10- MAXIMUM HALF LIFE Ig -IgG
11- PROTECTS SURFACES Ig - lgA
12- WARM ANTIBODIES Ig - IgG
13- COLD ANTIBODIES Ig - IgM
14- PRESENT IN MILK Ig - IgG & IgA
15- FIX COMPLEMENTS VIA CLASSICAL PATHWAY Ig - IgM & IgG
16- FIX COMPLEMENTS VIA ALTERNATIVE PATHWAY Ig - IgA & IgD
17- PRIMARY ALLERGIC RESPONSE Ig - IgE
18- MAXIMUM SEDIMENTATION COFFICIENT Ig - IgM
19- REAGIN ACTIVITY Ig - IgE
20- ANTIGEN RECOGNITION BY B CELLS Ig - IgD
21- PRAUSNITZ KUSTNER REACTION Ig - IgE
22- HOMOCYPTOTROPISM Ig - IgE
23- HIGHEST CARBOHYDRATE Ig - IgE
24- LOWEST CARBOHYDRATE Ig - IgG
“Stone Man Syndrome”
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a progressive genetic disorder that turns soft tissues into bone over time. The ACVR1 gene found in bone, muscles, tendons, and ligaments regulates growth and development of those tissues, and is normally responsible for turning cartilage into bone as children develop. However, mutations of this gene can allow ossification to go unchecked throughout a sufferer's life, even turning skeletal muscle into bone and causing joints to fuse together.
This disorder occurs in about 1 in 2 million people, and there are currently no treatments or cures. Trauma exacerbates the condition, so attempts to remove bone surgically just results in the body producing even more bone in the area.
